I am sure Nelson Mandela was originally a pacifist but became convinced of the need for targeted violence.
I don't know if Nelson was ever a pacifist, but lets be clear, the ANCs terrorist campaign utterly failed. Nelson spent a lifetime in jail and became a martyr-figure, and that's about all the credit he can take for ending apartheid in SA.
(interesting thread on Mandela's failure here:
http://www.urban75.net/vbulletin/showthread.php?t=258443)
In my opinion the fall of apartheid was achieved nonviolently (on the whole) - check out the incredible documentary "Amandla: a revolution in four part harmony" for more...
[pacifism] could only work if 100% of the population were by nature pacifists and it isn't.
sorry, but this comment is armchair nonsense. There is a history of nonviolent resistance, and it has had its successes - some small, some big. I highly recommend Gene Sharp's "Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice And 21st Century Potential" - Housmans Bookshop are the sole UK distributors (in fact Housmans is probably the only shop that has good books on pacifism its history and theory).
Amongst other things, in this book you get about 15-odd bite size chunks of history that show how a nonviolent revolution can and has be achieved. The 'colour' revlutions of the former eastern block were said to be greatly influenced by the writings of Gene Sharp.
Pacifism/nonviolent direct action is a relatively recent development in human history, and as such, its techniques need studying and considering. I came to the subject utterly cynical, but have been increasingly won over. Gene Sharp in particular makes for a very convincing read.
Here's a pretty good review/summary of it:
http://www.peacenews.info/issues/2499-2500/24992514.html
burmese pacifist movement never took off
The burmese monks are pacifists, and the crushing of their uprisings shows a bravery and commitment to their beliefs that deserves the highest of respects. That said, they have been, till now, unsuccessful - but the moral victory has ubdoubtedly been theirs.
The Burmese example is hardly a ringing endorsement of the effectiveness of nonviolent uprising (in that the monks were visciously supressed by the army), but I am sure that it has had a big effect on furhter undermining the burmese dictatorship.
[this thread?] never had any chance despite these cliches.
pacifism, or nonviolent direct action (NVDA) is worth looking into and reading up on - there are a lot of cliches and un-thought out opinions on it. If you read just one book on it, check out the Gene Sharp I mentioned.
There's a lot more I'd like to add, such as how rioting has increased the power of police/state, how armed revolution replaces one armed group with another, etc., but this post is long enough...