A question about 4K though. On a small enough monitor, does the high pixel density now mean that you can use lower (and not necessarily 1/n^2) resolutions without it looking quite so shit?
Not on my 28" 4K at least. You need the higher resolution to provide the qualitative boost. A good analogy is the laser printer. Print some text at 75 dpi, 150 dpi, 300 dpi, and 600 dpi. If you compare the text at 75 dpi with the text at 150 dpi you can immediately see the physical difference. Comparing 150 dpi with 300 dpi and it gets a bit blurred. But comparing 300 dpi and 600 dpi you can't see the individual dot difference but you can see that there is an overall qualitative difference and the 600 dpi text looks much nicer.